～ないで
Do something without doing another
You’ll be able to say you did one thing without doing another, connecting the two.
傘を持たないで、出かけました。
kasa o motanaide, dekakemashita.
What do you think this sentence means?
I went out without taking an umbrella.
Do one thing without doing another
Use ～ないで to say that the following action happens without doing the first action.
朝ご飯を食べないで、学校に行きました。
asagohan o tabenaide, gakkou ni ikimashita.
I went to school without eating breakfast.
Negative action + ないで + next action
Put the action you skip in the ない-form, add で, and then state the action you do.
傘を持たないで、出かけました。
kasa o motanaide, dekakemashita.
I went out without taking an umbrella.
何も言わないで帰りました。
nani mo iwanaide kaerimashita.
I went home without saying anything.
砂糖を入れないで飲みます。
satou o irenaide nomimasu.
I drink it without adding sugar.
～ないで vs ～て
～ないで is the negative counterpart to the te-form when describing the condition or manner under which an action is done.
～ないで, without doing
砂糖を入れないで、コーヒーを飲みます。
satou o irenaide, koohii o nomimasu.
I drink coffee without adding sugar.
The action is done with that condition omitted.
～て, with / having done
砂糖を入れて、コーヒーを飲みます。
satou o irete, koohii o nomimasu.
I drink coffee with sugar.
The action is done with that condition included.
財布を持たないで、コンビニに行きました。
saifu o motanaide, konbini ni ikimashita.
I went to the convenience store without taking my wallet.
テレビをつけないで、晩ご飯を食べました。
terebi o tsukenaide, bangohan o tabemashita.
I ate dinner without turning on the TV.
コートを着ないで、外に出ました。
kooto o kinaide, soto ni demashita.
I went outside without wearing a coat.
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