JapaneseJLPT
JLPT N3 grammar · Chapter 6

～において・～における

In or regarding a formal setting or field

You’ll be able to locate an event, issue, or characteristic within a place, time, field, or formal context.

Illustration of the scene described by In camping, the management of fire is very important.
Read it first

キャンプにおいて、火ひの管理かんりはとても大切たいせつです。

kyanpu ni oite, hi no kanri wa totemo taisetsu desu.

What do you think this sentence means?

In camping, the management of fire is very important.

Why it means that

In, at, or within a field or setting

～において means “in,” “at,” or “within” in formal language. It places an event, condition, or issue in a particular place, time, field, or social context.

Examples

卒業式そつぎょうしきは体育館たいいくかんにおいて行おこなわれます。

sotsugyoushiki wa taiikukan ni oite okonawaremasu.

The graduation ceremony will be held in the gym.

日本にほんにおける外国人がいこくじんの数かずは増ふえています。

nihon ni okeru gaikokujin no kazu wa fuete imasu.

The number of foreign residents in Japan is increasing.

How it is built

Choose the form by what follows

Use noun + において before a verb or clause. Use noun + における directly before another noun, as in 教育きょういくにおける問題もんだい (“issues in education”).

formal context noun+において+clause／formal context noun+における+noun
Example

国際こくさい会議かいぎにおける発言はつげんが注目ちゅうもくされました。

kokusai kaigi ni okeru hatsugen ga chuumoku saremashita.

A remark at the international conference drew attention.

Compare

～で vs ～において

Both say where or when something happens. で is the everyday particle; ～において says the same thing formally and is typical of announcements and written reports.

  • ～で, in; at

    会議かいぎは大阪おおさかで行おこなわれます。

    kaigi wa oosaka de okonawaremasu.

    The meeting will be held in Osaka.

    Plain and neutral; fine in conversation.

  • ～において, in; at (formal)

    会議かいぎは大阪おおさかにおいて行おこなわれます。

    kaigi wa oosaka ni oite okonawaremasu.

    The meeting will be held in Osaka.

    The same fact in the formal style of an official notice.

Examples

江戸えど時代じだいにおいて、人々ひとびとは主おもに歩あるいて旅たびをしていた。

edo jidai ni oite, hitobito wa omo ni aruite tabi o shite ita.

In the Edo period, people mainly traveled on foot.

料理りょうりの世界せかいにおいて、彼かれの名前なまえを知しらない人ひとはいない。

ryouri no sekai ni oite, kare no namae o shiranai hito wa inai.

In the world of cooking, there is no one who doesn’t know his name.

職場しょくばにおけるスマホの使つかい方かたについて、新あたらしいルールができた。

shokuba ni okeru sumaho no tsukaikata ni tsuite, atarashii ruuru ga dekita.

New rules have been made about how smartphones are used in the workplace.

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