JapaneseJLPT

JLPT N3 Grammar Path

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Chapter 1

5 grammar points

1
～うちに・～ないうちにAct before things change, or describe a change during an activity
2
～てからでないと・～てからでなければSomething cannot happen until another step is finished
3
～たびにEvery time something happens
4
～ついでにDo an extra thing while you have the chance
5
せっかく～のに・せっかく～からRegret a wasted opportunity or make good use of it
Chapter 1 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 2

8 grammar points

6
～最中にRight in the middle of an activity
7
～ところに・～ところへ・～ところをAn event occurs at a particular stage of another action
8
～途中で・～途中にOn the way or partway through something
9
～たとたん(に)The instant one event is followed by another
10
～と同時にTwo events happen at the same time
11
～て初めてOnly after doing this does something become possible or clear
12
～ぶりにFor the first time in a stated period
13
～際(に)At the time of an event in formal situations
Chapter 2 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 3

8 grammar points

14
～から～にかけてAcross a range from one point to another
15
～上で (after)After completing one step, do the next
16
～次第As soon as something is ready or complete
17
～たてSomething has just been freshly completed
18
～かける・～かけAn action has started but is not finished
19
～きり (since)Nothing has happened since one last event
20
～ところだったSomething almost happened
21
～と…た・～たら…た・～たところ (discovery)Describe what you discovered after doing something
Chapter 3 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 4

10 grammar points

22
～ほど (degree)To such an extent that...
23
～くらい・～ぐらい (degree)So much that, or to this degree
24
～ば～ほどThe more one thing changes, the more another does
25
～くらい～はない・～ほど～はないNothing compares with this
26
～に比べてCompare something with a reference point
27
～にしてはUnexpected when you consider the category or situation
28
～わりにSurprisingly, considering the circumstances
29
あまりに(も)So much or so strongly that it feels excessive
30
どんなに～ても・いくら～てもNo matter how much or how strongly
31
～に限るNothing is better than this choice
Chapter 4 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 5

7 grammar points

32
～さえEven this surprising or minimal example
33
～こそEmphasize exactly this person, thing, or reason
34
～も～ば～も・～も～なら～もBoth this and that are true
35
～だけでなく・～ばかりでなくNot only this, but also something more
36
～はもちろんNot only this obvious case, but also...
37
～をはじめStarting with a representative example
38
～なんか・～なんてMake something sound casual, dismissive, or surprising
Chapter 5 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 6

7 grammar points

39
～についてTalk about a particular topic
40
～に関して・～に関するRegarding or related to a topic
41
～に対して・～に対する (target)Direct an action or attitude toward someone or something
42
～に対して (contrast)Set one side against a contrasting side
43
～にとってFrom someone’s position or point of view
44
～としてDescribe someone or something in a role
45
～において・～におけるIn or regarding a formal setting or field
Chapter 6 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 7

7 grammar points

46
～によって・～による (cause)A result occurs because of a cause
47
～によって・～による (means or agent)By means of something, or by the person who did it
48
～によってはThe result differs depending on the case
49
～によると・～によればAccording to a source
50
～に基づいて・～に基づくBase something on evidence, rules, or data
51
～を通じて・～を通してThrough a channel or throughout a period
52
～を中心にCenter an activity or group around something
Chapter 7 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 8

10 grammar points

53
～向けDesigned or intended for a particular audience
54
～向きSuitable for a particular person or purpose
55
～に合わせて・～に合ったAdjust something to fit a person, purpose, or situation
56
～にかわって・～にかわりAct in place of another person or thing
57
～かわりにInstead of something, or in return for something
58
～に反してContrary to a rule, expectation, or prediction
59
～にしたがって (following)Act according to a rule, instruction, or direction
60
～とおり(に)・～どおり(に)Do something as instructed, shown, or expected
61
～にしたがって・～につれて (change)One gradual change develops along with another
62
～とともにTogether with someone, alongside an event, or as things change
Chapter 8 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 9

9 grammar points

63
～ことからReach a conclusion from a fact or feature
64
～おかげでA good result happened thanks to something
65
～せいでA bad result happened because of something
66
～からこそPrecisely because this reason matters
67
～ばかりにA bad result happened simply because of one thing
68
～ものだから・～ものですからGive a personal reason or excuse
69
なぜなら～からState a reason explicitly: the reason is...
70
そのため(に)Show the result of the situation just described
71
～結果・その結果Present what happened as a result
Chapter 9 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 10

7 grammar points

72
たとえ～ても・たとえ～でもEven if an extreme possibility becomes true
73
～さえ～ば・～さえ～ならIf only this condition is met
74
～ても構わないIt is acceptable even if this happens
75
～ても～なくてもWhether something happens or not
76
～としたら・～とすれば・～とするとAssume something is true and consider the result
77
～にしてもEven if or even considering that case
78
～たって・～だって (even if)Casual way to say even if
Chapter 10 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 11

5 grammar points

79
～ては・～では (condition)If this happens, an unwanted result follows
80
～くらいなら・～ぐらいならRather than do that, another option is better
81
～ば～のにIf only things had been different
82
～てもしょうがない・～てもしかたがないDoing something will not help
83
～てしょうがない・～てしかたがないA feeling or sensation is intensely strong
Chapter 11 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 12

8 grammar points

84
～に違いないBe strongly convinced that something is true
85
～に決まっているBe certain there is only one obvious conclusion
86
～そうもない・～そうにないSomething shows little sign of happening
87
～わけだThat explains it, or naturally that means...
88
～わけではない・～というわけではないIt does not mean that the whole statement is true
89
～わけがないThere is no logical way that can be true
90
～わけにはいかないCircumstances make an action unacceptable or impossible
91
～ないわけにはいかないCircumstances leave you unable not to do it
Chapter 12 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 13

9 grammar points

92
～とは限らないSomething is not necessarily always true
93
～からといってJust because one fact is true does not justify a conclusion
94
～ないことはないIt is not impossible
95
～ことは～がIt is true that..., but...
96
必ずしも～ないNot always or not necessarily
97
決して～ない・全く～ないStrongly deny something or say it is absent altogether
98
めったに～ないSomething happens only rarely
99
別に～ないSomething is not particularly so, or you have no particular objection
100
とても～ないCannot possibly do something
Chapter 13 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 14

4 grammar points

101
～ような気がするHave a feeling that something may be true
102
～かのようだ・まるで～ようだAs if something were really the case
103
～ことにTo my surprise, relief, regret, or other reaction
104
～ことかEmphasize how strongly something is felt
Chapter 14 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 15

10 grammar points

105
～ということだ・～とのことだ (report)Report information you received from another source
106
～ということだ (meaning)State what the facts mean or imply
107
～というのはIntroduce something and explain what it means
108
～といってもQualify a label that could give the wrong impression
109
～と言えば・～というとSpeaking of that topic...
110
～というよりCorrect a description with a more accurate one
111
～って (topic)Casually bring up what you are talking about
112
～って・～んだって (hearsay)Casually report what you heard
113
～とか (hearsay)Report something you heard with some distance or uncertainty
114
～と言えるSay that a conclusion can reasonably be stated
Chapter 15 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 16

4 grammar points

115
～ものだDescribe what is naturally expected or generally true
116
～もの・～もん (reason)Give a casual personal reason
117
～のだからEmphasize a known reason before drawing a conclusion
118
～のことだからPredict what someone will do from what you know about them
Chapter 16 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 17

6 grammar points

119
～反面One thing has an opposite side as well
120
～一方でOn the other hand, another contrasting fact is true
121
～ながらもAlthough a state is true, the result contrasts with it
122
～くせにAnd yet, despite what should be expected
123
～上にOn top of that, another related fact is true
124
～どころかFar from being true, the opposite is closer to reality
Chapter 17 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 18

5 grammar points

125
～は別としてSet one issue aside before discussing the rest
126
ところがIntroduce a result that goes against expectation
127
ところでChange the subject with “by the way”
128
つまり・すなわちRestate the point in other words
129
むしろSay the opposite or alternative is more accurate
Chapter 18 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 19

7 grammar points

130
～べきだ・～べきではないSay what should or should not be done
131
～ことだ (advice)Give direct advice about what someone should do
132
～こと (rules)State a written rule about what to do or avoid
133
～ことはないThere is no need to do something
134
～しかないThere is no choice but to do this
135
～ばいいSay what someone can or should do as a solution
136
～てごらんEncourage someone to try doing something
Chapter 19 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 20

3 grammar points

137
～てもらいたい・～ていただきたいSay that you want someone to do something
138
～させてもらう・～させていただくDo something with another person’s permission or consideration
139
～ようではないか・～ようじゃないかInvite others to take action together
Chapter 20 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 21

6 grammar points

140
～ずにDo something without doing another action
141
～ずにはいられないCannot help doing something
142
～ようがないThere is no possible way to do it
143
～っこないThere is no chance it will happen
144
～ようとするTry to do something, or be just about to act or change
145
～ようとしないShow no attempt or willingness to do something
Chapter 21 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 22

6 grammar points

146
～合うDo an action mutually with one another
147
～上がる・～上げるBring an action or product to completion
148
～切るCarry an action completely through to the end
149
～切れないBe unable to finish all of something
150
～込むMovement inward, or a deep or sustained action
151
～っぱなしLeave a state unchanged or keep an action going
Chapter 22 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 23

9 grammar points

152
～がちTend to do something, often undesirably
153
～気味Show a slight tendency or touch of a condition
154
～っぽいSeem -ish, or have a tendency to behave that way
155
～だらけBe covered with or full of something undesirable
156
～がたいExtremely difficult to do or accept
157
～ふりをするPretend that something is true or that you are doing it
158
～てばかりいるKeep doing nothing but the same action
159
～ばかりだ (continuing change)A situation keeps moving in one direction
160
～一方だA change keeps progressing more and more
Chapter 23 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 24

5 grammar points

161
～たものだRecall something you used to do
162
～つもりだった・～つもりでContrast an earlier intention, a personal belief, and an imagined situation
163
～て済むA simple action is enough to settle the matter
164
～っけAsk yourself or someone to remind you
165
～たりしてSoften a guess, suggestion, or possibility
Chapter 24 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.

Chapter 25

3 grammar points

166
であるFormal written equivalent of だ
167
Verb stem + continuation (formal linking)Link clauses with the verb stem in formal writing
168
～的Turn a noun into an adjective-like or adverb-like expression
Chapter 25 checkpointComplete this chapter’s lessons to unlock.