Indirect passive
An event affects someone negatively
You'll be able to describe an action that caused inconvenience, distress, or an unwanted effect.
蓮は芽衣にケーキを食べられました。
ren wa mei ni keeki o taberaremashita.
What do you think this sentence means?
Mei ate Ren’s cake, to his dismay.
Show how an event affected someone
An indirect passive describes an event from the viewpoint of someone affected by it, often inconveniently. English may naturally use an active sentence plus the effect on that person.
雨に降られて、ぬれてしまいました。
ame ni furarete, nurete shimaimashita.
I was caught in the rain and got wet.
Form and use Indirect passive
The original object can remain marked を, as in ケーキを食べられた. Intransitive events can also be passive: 雨に降られた. State the affected person or consequence clearly so the viewpoint makes sense.
雨に降られて、ぬれてしまいました。
ame ni furarete, nurete shimaimashita.
I was caught in the rain and got wet.
隣の人に騒がれて、眠れませんでした。
tonari no hito ni sawagarete, nemuremasen deshita.
The person next door was noisy, and I could not sleep.
電車の中で、隣の人に足を踏まれました。
densha no naka de, tonari no hito ni ashi o fumaremashita.
On the train, the person next to me stepped on my foot.
旅行中ずっと雨に降られて、どこにも行けませんでした。
ryokouchuu zutto ame ni furarete, doko ni mo ikemasen deshita.
It rained the whole time on my trip, so I couldn't go anywhere.
妹に大事な日記を読まれました。
imouto ni daiji na nikki o yomaremashita.
My younger sister read my diary, which is very important to me.
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