JLPT N4 Grammar List - Page 10
Master the intermediate grammar concepts required for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) N4. Each grammar topic includes detailed examples, providing you with the essential knowledge to build upon your foundational Japanese skills. If you're not familiar with N5 grammar yet, check out our JLPT N5 Grammar List first.
181
〜続ける (tsuzukeru)
to continue doing something
雨が一日中降り続けました。
Ame ga ichinichijuu furitsuzukemashita.
It continued raining all day long.
彼は毎日、日本語を勉強し続けています。
Kare wa mainichi, nihongo o benkyou shitsuzukete imasu.
He continues to study Japanese every day.
疲れても、歩き続けました。
Tsukarete mo, arukitsuzukemashita.
Even though I was tired, I continued walking.
ここでバスを待ち続けましょう。
Koko de basu o machitsuzukemashou.
Let's continue waiting for the bus here.
182
〜なければなりません (nakereba narimasen)
must do; have to do
明日、早く起きなければなりません。
Ashita, hayaku okinakereba narimasen.
I must wake up early tomorrow.
宿題をしなければなりません。
Shukudai o shinakereba narimasen.
I have to do my homework.
図書館に本を返さなければなりません。
Toshokan ni hon o kaesanakereba narimasen.
I must return the book to the library.
毎日、薬を飲まなければなりません。
Mainichi, kusuri o nomanakereba narimasen.
I have to take medicine every day.
会議に出席しなければなりません。
Kaigi ni shusseki shinakereba narimasen.
I must attend the meeting.
183
〜だす (dasu)
to begin to; to start to (often suddenly or unexpectedly)
急に雨が降りだした。
Kyuu ni ame ga furidashita.
It suddenly started to rain.
赤ちゃんが急に泣きだした。
Akachan ga kyuu ni nakidashita.
The baby suddenly burst into tears.
彼は怒って、部屋を飛びだした。
Kare wa okotte, heya o tobidashita.
He got angry and stormed out of the room (started to fly out).
その冗談を聞いて、みんな笑いだした。
Sono joudan o kiite, minna waraidashita.
Hearing that joke, everyone burst out laughing.
バスがゆっくりと動きだした。
Basu ga yukkuri to ugokidashita.
The bus slowly started to move.
彼が突然、昔の話を言いだした。
Kare ga totsuzen, mukashi no hanashi o iidashita.
He suddenly started talking about old stories (brought up old stories).
184
〜だけで (dake de)
just by; simply by doing; only by
このボタンを押すだけで、電気がつきます。
Kono botan o osu dake de, denki ga tsukimasu.
The light will turn on just by pressing this button.
彼の笑顔を見るだけで、幸せな気持ちになる。
Kare no egao o miru dake de, shiawase na kimochi ni naru.
Just by seeing his smile, I feel happy.
名前を書くだけで、登録は完了です。
Namae o kaku dake de, touroku wa kanryou desu.
Registration is complete just by writing your name.
少し考えるだけで、答えがわかった。
Sukoshi kangaeru dake de, kotae ga wakatta.
I understood the answer just by thinking a little.
185
〜がる / 〜がっている (garu / gatteiru)
to show signs of (feeling adjective); to appear to be (adjective); to act as if (adjective) - used for describing another person's outwardly observable feelings or sensations.
子供がお菓子を欲しがっている。
Kodomo ga okashi o hoshigatteiru.
The child is showing signs of wanting sweets.
彼は窓を開けると寒がるから、閉めておこう。
Kare wa mado o akeru to samugaru kara, shimete okou.
He shows signs of feeling cold when the window is open, so let's keep it closed.
うちの犬は雷の音をとても怖がる。
Uchi no inu wa kaminari no oto o totemo kowagaru.
My dog is very scared of (shows great fear towards) the sound of thunder.
彼女は新しい人に会うと、いつも恥ずかしがっている。
Kanojo wa atarashii hito ni au to, itsumo hazukashigatteiru.
She always appears embarrassed when she meets new people.
弟は注射をとても痛がった。
Otouto wa chuusha o totemo itagatta.
My younger brother showed a lot of signs that the injection was painful.
彼はその奇妙な話をとても面白がっていた。
Kare wa sono kimyou na hanashi o totemo omoshirogatteita.
He seemed very amused by / showed great interest in that strange story.
猫が私の膝の上で気持ちよさそうに眠たがっている。
Neko ga watashi no hiza no ue de kimochi yosasou ni nemutagatteiru.
The cat looks comfortable and seems sleepy on my lap.
186
やっと (yatto)
at last; finally (after much effort, waiting, or difficulty); barely; with difficulty
長い努力の末、やっと試験に合格した。
Nagai doryoku no sue, yatto shiken ni goukaku shita.
After a long effort, I finally passed the exam.
何時間も待って、やっとバスが来た。
Nan jikan mo matte, yatto basu ga kita.
After waiting for many hours, the bus finally came.
彼はやっとその難しい問題を理解できた。
Kare wa yatto sono muzukashii mondai o rikai dekita.
He finally managed to understand that difficult problem.
探していた鍵が、机の下でやっと見つかった。
Sagashiteita kagi ga, tsukue no shita de yatto mitsukatta.
The key I was looking for was finally found under the desk.
彼は病気が治って、やっと元気になった。
Kare wa byouki ga naotte, yatto genki ni natta.
He recovered from his illness and finally got well.