JapaneseJLPT

JLPT N4 Grammar Test 20

Question 1

何なにか問題もんだいの([...])、すぐに先生せんせいに言いってください。

Question 2

A: どうぞ、こちらのパンフレットを([...])。

Question 3

このボタンを押おせ([...])、ドアが開あきますよ。

Question 4

子供こどもの時とき、私 は京都きょうとに住すんで([...])。

Question 5

A: 山田やまださんは昨日きのうから顔色かおいろが悪わるいですね。
B: はい、病気びょうき([...])です。早はやく元気げんきになるといいですね。

Question 6

A: 今日きょうは仕事しごとがたくさんありますね。
B: ええ。これを([...])片付かたづけて、早はやく帰かえりましょう。

Question 7

ここの学生は([...])スマートフォンを持っています。

Question 8

漢字かんじが覚おぼえられないなら、毎日まいにち少すこしずつ練習れんしゅうし([...])？

Question 9

A: ([...])100万円あったら、何をしたいですか。
B: 世界旅行せかいりょこうをしたいです。

Question 10

「大だい丈じょう夫ぶ」([...])は、「問題もんだいない」と同おなじ意味いみです。

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Answers and Explanations

  1. ばあいは
    Explanation:

    「Noun + のばあいは」 (no baai wa) means 'in the case of N' or 'if N happens'. In this sentence, 「問題のばあいは」 (mondai no baai wa) sets up the condition 'in case of a problem', and the subsequent clause states the action to take. The pattern is: Noun + のばあいは, [consequence/action].

  2. お取とりください
    Explanation:

    「お + Verb ます-stem + ください」 is a polite way to ask someone to perform an action, meaning 'Please V'. For the verb 「取る」(toru - to take), the masu-stem is 「取り」(tori). Thus, the honorific request is 「お取りください」(o-tori kudasai). This pattern is used when politely offering something to someone or asking them to take something.

  3. ば
    Explanation:

    「〜ば」 (ba) is a conditional form used to mean 'if X, then Y'. For verbs like 押す (osu), the conditional form is 押せば (oseba). It indicates a condition and its direct result.

  4. いました
    Explanation:

    「ていました」 (te imashita) can also describe a state that continued for a period in the past. It's formed by Verb て-form + いました. Here, 「住んでいました」 (sunde imashita) from the verb 住む (sumu - to live) means 'was living' or 'used to live,' indicating a past habitual state.

  5. のよう
    Explanation:

    「Noun + のようだ」 is used to express a guess based on observation, meaning 'it seems that' or 'it looks like'. 「病気」 (sickness) is a noun. Based on Yamada-san's pale face, the speaker guesses he is sick. The correct form to fill the blank before です is 「のよう」. 「よう」 alone is incorrect after a noun. 「みたい」 is similar in meaning but 「のよう」 is also appropriate here. 「らしい」 suggests the information is based on hearsay, not direct observation of symptoms.

  6. どんどん
    Explanation:

    「どんどん」 (dondon) means 'rapidly' or 'one after another without delay'. It's used here to express the desire to finish the work quickly. 「だんだん」 (dandan) means 'gradually' and would imply finishing slowly, which contradicts the goal of going home early.

  7. ほとんど
    Explanation:

    「ほとんど」 (hotondo) signifies 'almost all', 'nearly all', or 'the majority'. In this sentence, it indicates that a very large percentage of the students possess smartphones.

  8. たらどう
    Explanation:

    「〜たらどう」 (tara dou) is an informal way to suggest a course of action. It means 'how about doing X?' or 'why not try X?'. Construction: Verb (た-form) + ら + どう.

  9. もし
    Explanation:

    「もし」 (moshi) is used to introduce a hypothetical condition, meaning 'if' or 'supposing'. It often precedes a conditional phrase (e.g., using ～たら). While sometimes optional, it can emphasize the hypothetical nature of the question.

  10. ということ
    Explanation:

    「ということ」 (to iu koto) can nominalize a quote or a statement, meaning 'the thing called ~' or 'the fact that ~'. Here it refers to the word/phrase 「大丈夫」 itself as a concept being defined. Construction: Quoted word/phrase + ということ.

Go to N4 Grammar Test 19
Go to N4 Grammar Test 21