JLPT N5 Grammar Test 30
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Answers and Explanations
- だったExplanation:
「だった」 (datta) is the plain past form of 「だ」 (da) and 「です」 (desu, in its plain equivalent). It is used with nouns and な-adjective stems to indicate a past state. 「元気だった (genki datta)」 means 'was energetic'. Usage: [Noun / な-adjective stem] + だった.
- あそこExplanation:
「あそこ」 (asoko) means 'over there', indicating a place far from both the speaker and the listener. It's often used when pointing to a distant location. Usage: あそこ です.
- おもしろくなかったExplanation:
The past negative form of an い-adjective is made by changing the final 「い」 (i) of the present negative form (〜くない) to 「かった」 (katta). So, 「面白い (omoshiroi)」 (interesting) -> 「面白くない (omoshirokunai)」 (not interesting) -> 「面白くなかった (omoshirokunakatta)」 (was not interesting). When followed by です, it's 「おもしろくなかったです」. Usage: [い-adjective stem] + くなかった.
- 見るExplanation:
The dictionary form of a verb (e.g., 「見る (miru)」 - miru, to see/watch) is its basic form. It is used in casual speech, before certain particles like 「の」 (no) for nominalization, or before grammar points like 「まえに」 (mae ni). Usage: [Verb-dictionary form] + の/こと/まえに etc.
- だけExplanation:
「だけ」 (dake) means 'only' or 'just', specifying a limited item or person. Here, it indicates that Mr. Tanaka was the *only* one who didn't come. Usage: [Noun] + だけ. (Note: 「しか」 also means 'only' but requires a negative verb form).
- もExplanation:
「も」 (mo) means 'also' or 'too'. It indicates that the statement applies to the item marked by 「も」 in the same way it applies to something else previously mentioned or understood. Usage: [Noun] も.
- なにExplanation:
「なに」 (nani) means 'what'. It is used to ask about things or actions. 「なん」 (nan) is a variation used in certain phonetic contexts (e.g., before ですか or counters). Here, 「なにをしますか」 means 'What will you do?'. Usage: なに を [Verb]か / なに が [Predicate]か.
- いつかExplanation:
「いつか」 (itsuka) means 'sometime', 'someday', or 'at some point in time'. It is formed from the question word 「いつ」 (itsu - when) + 「か」 (ka). Usage: いつか [Verb Phrase].
- そうですExplanation:
「そうです」 (sou desu) means 'that is so' or 'that's right'. It's used to agree with a statement. Adding 「ね」 (ne) softens it and seeks agreement back. Usage: そうです (ね).
- あけないでくださいExplanation:
「〜ないでください」 (naide kudasai) is a polite request to not do something. It is formed by taking the ない-form of the verb, and adding 「でください」 (e.g., 開けない -> 開けないでください). Usage: [Verb (ない-form)] + でください.