JLPT N4 Grammar Test 17
Question 1
Question 2
Question 3
Question 4
Question 5
Question 6
Question 7
Question 8
Question 9
Question 10
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Answers and Explanations
- だけでなくExplanation:
「だけでなく」 (dake de naku) means 'not only... but also...'. It is used to add another piece of information, often emphasizing the second one. Construction: Noun/(な-adjective + な) + だけでなく; い-adjective + だけでなく; Verb (plain form) + だけでなく. Here, 「[親切]{しんせつ}なだけでなく」 connects her kindness to her intelligence.
- もExplanation:
「〜も」 (mo) after a number and counter (e.g., ２時間も - nijikan mo) is used to emphasize that the speaker feels the quantity is large or surprising. In this case, waiting for 'as long as 2 hours' is considered a lot. The pattern is: Number + Counter + も.
- だろうかExplanation:
「～のだろうか」 (no darou ka) or simply 「～だろうか」 expresses the speaker's wonder, doubt, or pondering about something. It's a self-directed question. Here, the speaker is wondering about tomorrow's weather. Construction: Plain form verb/adjective + (の)だろうか; Noun + (な)のだろうか.
- 少なくないExplanation:
「少なくない」 (sukunakunai) literally means 'not few'. It is an idiomatic expression used to mean 'quite a few', 'a considerable number of', or 'many'. It's a form of understatement.
- 貸してあげましたExplanation:
「〜て あげました」 (te agemashita) means 'I did (verb) for someone'. In this sentence, the speaker (私, implied) performed the action of lending money for the benefit of their friend. 「貸してくれました」 would mean the friend lent money to the speaker. 「貸してもらいました」 would mean the speaker received the favor of someone lending money to them. 「貸してくださいました」 would mean a superior lent money to the speaker.
- でExplanation:
The particle 「で」 (de) when used with a quantifier (like a monetary amount) can indicate the total amount or limit within which an action is performed. Here, 「300[円]{えん}で」 means 'for 300 yen'.
- ふるでしょうExplanation:
「でしょう」 (deshou) is used to express a high degree of probability or a confident guess about a future event. Here, the speaker is fairly sure it will rain tomorrow. It follows the plain form of a verb: Verb (plain form) + でしょう.
- おもしろくないExplanation:
「あまり〜ない」 (amari...nai) means 'not very' or 'not much'. It's used with a negative predicate (adjective, verb, etc.) to indicate a low degree. In this sentence, 'あまり おもしろくない' means 'not very interesting'. The pattern is: あまり + Negative adjective/verb.
- 持たせましたExplanation:
「持たせました」(motasemashita) is the past causative form of the Group 1 verb 「持つ」(motsu - to hold). It means 'made (someone) hold/carry'. To form the causative of Group 1 verbs, change the final -u vowel to -a and add せる (e.g., 持つ -> 持たせる). The past polite form is 持たせました. The pattern here is [Causer] は [Doer] に [Object を] Verb-causative.
- 続けていますExplanation:
「～続ける」 (tsuzukeru), attached to the masu-stem of a verb, means 'to continue doing (verb)'. 「[見]{み}る」 (miru - to watch) -> stem 「[見]{み}」 (mi) + 「続ける」 -> 「[見]{み}続ける」 (mitsuzukeru - to continue watching). The ている form indicates an ongoing action.