JLPT N4 Grammar Test 16
Question 1
Question 2
Question 3
Question 4
Question 5
Question 6
Question 7
Question 8
Question 9
Question 10
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Answers and Explanations
- そうですExplanation:
「〜そうだ」 (sou da / sou desu) used for hearsay indicates that the speaker is reporting information they heard from another source. It attaches to the plain form of verbs and い-adjectives. Here, 「[降]{ふ}るそうです」 means 'I heard it will rain / they say it will rain'. Construction: Verb (plain form) + そうです.
- くれませんかExplanation:
「〜てくれませんか」 (te kuremasenka) is a polite way to ask someone to do something for you. It's more polite than 「〜てくれない？」 but less formal/humble than 「〜てくださいませんか」 or 「〜ていただけませんか」. Construction: Verb て-form + くれませんか. Here, the speaker is politely asking someone to take ([撮]{と}る - toru) a photo.
- ままExplanation:
「〜たまま」 (ta mama) means 'as it is' or 'continuing in the same state'. It is used here because the person fell asleep while the state of 'the window being open' ([窓]{まど}を[開]{あ}けた - mado o aketa) continued. The pattern is: Verb (た-form) + まま.
- ところExplanation:
「ているところです」 (te iru tokoro desu) emphasizes that an action is currently in progress *right at this moment*. It is more immediate than just 「ています」. Construction: Verb て-form + いるところです. Here, 「食べているところです」 (tabete iru tokoro desu) means 'am in the middle of eating'.
- でもExplanation:
The particle combination 「でも」 (de mo) after a noun means 'even ~'. It's used to give an example that emphasizes the point. Here, 「[子]{こ}どもでも」 (kodomo demo) means 'even a child,' highlighting how easy the problem is. It suggests that if a child can understand it, then anyone can. Construction: Noun + でも.
- 手伝ってExplanation:
「〜ていただけませんか」 (te itadakemasenka) is a very polite and humble way to ask someone to do something for you, especially when asking a favor from a stranger or someone of higher status. It implies receiving a favor with gratitude. Construction: Verb て-form + いただけませんか. Here, the speaker is humbly asking for help ([手伝]{てつだ}う - tetsudau) with heavy luggage.
- とみえるExplanation:
「〜とみえる」 (to mieru) means 'it appears that...' or 'it seems that...'. It's used when the speaker makes a judgment based on visual evidence or observation. Construction: Clause (plain form) + とみえる. Here, 「[無理]{むり}だとみえる」 means it seems it is impossible based on the appearance of the luggage.
- まだExplanation:
「まだ〜ている」 (mada ~te iru) indicates that an action or state is still ongoing or continuing. 「まだ」 (mada) means 'still' or 'yet'. 「[勉強]{べんきょう}しています」 (benkyou shite imasu) means 'is studying'. Together, 「まだ[勉強]{べんきょう}しています」 means 'is still studying', emphasizing the continuation of the action. Construction: まだ + Verb て-form + いる/います.
- 食べるようにしていますExplanation:
「〜ようにする」 (you ni suru) is used to express making an effort to do something or to cultivate a habit. It is formed by 'Verb dictionary form + ようにする' or 'Verb ない-form + ようにする'. In this sentence, 「食べるようにしています」 (taberu you ni shite imasu) means 'I make an effort to eat', indicating an ongoing effort.
- いらっしゃいますExplanation:
「いらっしゃる」 (irassharu) is a 尊敬語 (Sonkeigo - respectful language) verb. It is the honorific equivalent of 「いる」 (to be), 「来る」 (to come), and 「行く」 (to go). It's used to show respect when talking about a superior or customer. Here, 「いらっしゃいますか」 respectfully asks about the president's presence.