JapaneseJLPT

JLPT N4 Grammar Test 1

Question 1

A: その傘かさ、かわいいですね。
B: ありがとう。誕生日たんじょうびに母ははが買かって([...])んです。

Question 2

彼女かのじょはいつもおしゃれで、モデル([...])の服ふくを着きています。

Question 3

私わたくしが案内あんないの山田やまだ([...])。

Question 4

もっと早はやく寝ねれ([...])。今日きょうはとても眠ねむい。

Question 5

忘わすれない([...])、メモします。

Question 6

明日あした、雨あめの([...])、旅行りょこうには行いきません。

Question 7

A: 少々しょうしょう([...])。私わたしが確認かくにんします。

Question 8

時間じかんがあれ([...])、映画えいがを見みに行いきたいです。

Question 9

A: 昨日きのうの夜よる、何なにをしていましたか。
B: 図書館としょかんで本ほんを([...])いました。

Question 10

A: あの店みせの前まえに人ひとがたくさんいますね。
B: ええ、きっと人気にんきの店みせ([...])ですよ。

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Answers and Explanations

  1. くれた
    Explanation:

    「〜て くれる」 (te kureru) is used when someone (here, 母 - mother) does an action (買って - buy) as a favor for the speaker (or someone in the speaker's in-group). It implies the speaker received a benefit or kindness. The pattern is: [Giver] が (私に) [verb て-form] くれる.

  2. 風ふう
    Explanation:

    「〜風」 (-fuu) as a suffix means '-style', '-like', or 'in the manner of ~'. It is attached to a noun to describe something as having the characteristics of that noun. 「モデル風」 means 'model-like style'.

  3. でございます
    Explanation:

    「でございます」 (de gozaimasu) is a very polite and formal equivalent of 「です」 (desu - to be). It is often used in formal business settings or by people in service roles.

  4. ばよかった
    Explanation:

    「〜ばよかった」 (ba yokatta) is used to express regret about something that was or wasn't done in the past. It means 'I should have done...' or 'I wish I had done...'. For Ichidan verbs like 寝る, change 'る' to 'れば'. Here, 「[寝]{ね}ればよかった」 means 'I should have slept'.

  5. ように
    Explanation:

    「ように」 (you ni) in this context means 'so that' or 'in order to', expressing purpose. It's often used with the potential form of a verb or a negative verb form to indicate the desired outcome. Construction: Verb (dictionary form/ない form/potential form) + ように.

  6. ばあいは
    Explanation:

    「Noun + のばあいは」 (no baai wa) means 'in the case of N' or 'if N happens'. In this sentence, 「雨のばあいは」 (ame no baai wa) means 'in the case of rain', introducing a specific condition under which the speaker will not go on the trip. The pattern is: Noun + のばあいは, [consequence/action].

  7. お待まちください
    Explanation:

    「お + Verb ます-stem + ください」 is an honorific expression used to politely ask someone to do something, meaning 'Please V'. The verb 「待つ」(matsu - to wait) has the masu-stem 「待ち」(machi). So, the correct form is 「お待ちください」(o-machi kudasai). This is often used in customer service or formal situations.

  8. ば
    Explanation:

    「〜ば」 (ba) is a conditional form. For Godan verbs ending in 'u', change 'u' to 'e' and add 'ば' (e.g., ある -> あれば). For Ichidan verbs, change final 'る' to 'れば'. It expresses a condition 'if X, then Y'. Here, 「[時間]{じかん}があれば」 means 'if there is time'.

  9. 読よんで
    Explanation:

    「ていました」 (te imashita) is the past continuous form of a verb, indicating an action that was ongoing or in progress at a specific point in the past. It is formed by Verb て-form + いました. In this context, 「読んでいました」 (yonde imashita) means 'was reading,' describing what B was doing last night.

  10. のよう
    Explanation:

    「Noun + のようだ」 expresses a guess or judgment based on observation, meaning 'it seems that' or 'it looks like'. 「人気の店」 (a popular shop) is a noun phrase. Based on seeing many people, the speaker guesses it's a popular shop. The correct form to fill the blank before です is 「のよう」. 「よう」 alone is incorrect after a noun. 「そう」 and 「のそう」 are not grammatically suitable here.

Go to N4 Grammar Test 2